| 安德连,樊萍,李莉莉,等.吞咽障碍护理单元标准化建设的循证评估标准构建[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2026,48(9):818-824 |
| 吞咽障碍护理单元标准化建设的循证评估标准构建 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn421666-20250604-00461 |
| 中文关键词: 吞咽障碍 德尔菲法 护理单元 标准化 |
| 英文关键词: Dysphagia Delphi method Care unit Standardization |
| 基金项目:广东省康复医学临床医学研究中心(2023B110003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 构建科学、系统、具有临床适用性的吞咽障碍护理单元标准化建设评估标准，为提升吞咽障碍患者护理质量、实现护理工作规范化管理奠定基础。 方法 在文献回顾、现况调查、质性研究及专家小组讨论的基础上形成评价指标初稿；于2024年11月至12月期间采用德尔菲法进行两轮专家咨询，对相关指标进行筛选与修改，并采用层次分析法确定指标权重。 结果 两轮咨询均有25名专家参与，问卷回收率均为100%；专家权威系数均为0.930，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.189和0.109（P＜0.001）；第二轮各级指标重要性变异系数为0～0.091，可行性变异系数为0～0.115。最终构建的吞咽障碍护理单元标准化建设评估标准共包括4个一级指标、13个二级指标及54个三级指标。 结论 本研究基于循证方法和德尔菲法构建的吞咽障碍护理单元标准化建设评估标准具有较好的科学性、系统性及临床可操作性，能为吞咽障碍护理单元的规范化建设与同质化管理提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To develop a scientific, systematic, and clinically applicable standardized evaluation criteria for dysphagia care units, thereby laying a foundation for enhancing the quality of care for patients with dysphagia and realizing standardized management of nursing practices. Methods An initial draft of evaluation indicators was formulated based on a comprehensive literature review, current situation investigation, qualitative research, and expert panel discussions. From November to December 2024, two rounds of expert consultation were conducted using the Delphi method to screen and revise the indicators. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then subsequently employed to determine the weight of each indicator. Results A total of 25 experts participated in both rounds of consultation, with a 100% questionnaire response rate. The expert authority coefficient was 0.930 for both rounds, and the Kendall′s W coefficients were 0.189 and 0.109, respectively (both P<0.001). In the second round, the coefficient of variation (CV) for the importance of indicators at all levels ranged from 0 to 0.097, and the CV for feasibility ranged from 0 to 0.120. The final evaluation criteria consisted of 4 primary indicators, 13 secondary and 54 tertiary ones. Conclusions The standardized evaluation criteria for dysphagia care unit construction, developed through evidence-based approaches and the Delphi method, exhibit strong scientific rigor, systematicity, and clinical operability. It can serve as a valuable reference for the standardized construction and homogeneous management of dysphagia care units. |
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