| 庄鑫,湛维峄,徐花,等.危机模拟应激训练对健康老年人下肢肌肉前馈控制的影响[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2026,48(8):715-719 |
| 危机模拟应激训练对健康老年人下肢肌肉前馈控制的影响 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn421666-20240612-00467 |
| 中文关键词: 危机模拟 应激训练 老年人 下肢肌肉 前馈控制 |
| 英文关键词: Crisis simulation Stress training Elderly people Lower limb muscles Feed-forward motor control |
| 基金项目:江苏省卫生健康委科研项目（ZD2022065） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究危机模拟应激训练对健康老年人下肢肌肉前馈控制的影响。 方法 募集符合入组标准的老年受试者64例，按照随机数字表法分为对照组32例和观察组32例。对照组给予常规防跌倒训练，观察组则进行危机模拟应激训练。2组患者均每周训练3次，每次训练30 min，连续训练8周。于训练前、训练8周后（训练后）采用表面肌电系统测定2组受试者在经典落球试验中肱二头肌、股内侧肌、腓肠肌、臀大肌的表面肌电图（sEMG）信号，并计算股内侧肌、腓肠肌、臀大肌的快速反应强度和快速反应时间。 结果 训练后，观察组股内侧肌、腓肠肌、臀大肌的快速反应强度分别为（24.30±2.17）μV、（30.38±1.52）μV、（48.04±2.99）μV，较组内训练前均显著降低(P<0.05)，且其腓肠肌和臀大肌快速反应强度亦显著低于对照组训练后，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；而对照组仅腓肠肌的快速反应强度较组内训练前显著降低(P<0.05)。训练后，2组受试者股内侧肌、腓肠肌、臀大肌的快速反应时间较组内训练前均显著缩短(P<0.05)，且观察组训练后腓肠肌和臀大肌快速反应时间亦显著短于对照组训练后，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 危机模拟应激训练可提升老年人下肢肌肉的前馈控制能力，显著降低其快速反应强度，并缩短其快速反应时间。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the effects of crisis simulation training on the feed-forward motor control of lower limb muscles in elderly individuals. Methods A total of 64 elderly adults meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly assigned to either a control group (n=32) or an observation group (n=32) using a random number table. The control group received conventional fall prevention training, while the observation group underwent crisis simulation stress training. Both groups trained three times per week for 30 minutes per session over a period of 8 consecutive weeks. Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of the biceps brachii, vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus were recorded during a ball hitting test before and after the training. The rapid reaction intensity and rapid reaction time of the vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus were calculated and analyzed. Results After training, the rapid reaction intensities of the vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus in the observation group were (24.30±2.17) μV, (30.38±1.52) μV, and (48.04±2.99) μV, respectively, all showing a significant decrease compared with the baseline (P<0.05). Moreover, the rapid reaction intensities of the gastrocnemius and gluteus maximus in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after training (P<0.05). In the control group, only the rapid reaction intensity of the gastrocnemius showed a significant decrease compared with the baseline (P<0.05). Regarding reaction time, after training, the rapid reaction times of the vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus in both groups were significantly shortened compared with the baseline (P<0.05). Furthermore, after training, the rapid reaction time of the gastrocnemius and gluteus maximus in the observation group were significantly shorter than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Crisis simulation training can effectively improve the feed-forward motor control ability of lower limb muscles in the elderly. It significantly reduces the rapid reaction intensity (indicating more efficient muscle activation) and shortens the rapid reaction time, thereby potentially enhancing dynamic stability and fall prevention capabilities. |
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